I wish I had a better understanding of what happened, but as a conductor,and if it was my train, the FIRST thing I would do, is 1, clarify WHAT the dispatcher said - "Reverse back TO the interlocking," is MUCH different than "reverse back THROUGH the interlocking"
"To the interlocking" would mean that they cleared the entire interlocking and are to reverse back to the home signal of the interlocking and stop before (at) it. The Conductor should have went to the hind end, to see where the hind end of his train was EXACTLY, and report that fact to the dispatcher. If it wasn't clear of the interlocking, he should have reported that to the dispatcher, and await further instructions. If they were still in the interlocking, and if over a swtich, the conductor should have first, asked for protection, then have gotten off in the front of the train and walked back, checking to see where the train was, and the condition of the switch they were over, if they ran through it, and then if the dispatcher said reverse back through the interlocking, if everything was okay of course, and all the wheels were still on the rail, and switches lined, (he would have noticed while he was on the ground inspecting while walking back) then reverse the train back from on the ground, watching the movement the entire time.
If they did run through the switch, then the LAST thing you do is reverse back, you continue forward THROUGH the switch, that prevents a derailment nearly all the time, but reversing through a run switch almost guarantees one.
The engineer isn't the only one at fault for whatever happened, the conductor is JUST as at fault, if not more, becuase it was a reverse move, and he should have been at the hind end (if he wasn't), and if the dispatcher didn't give clear enough instructions, then he is partially to blame too, but unless a move is clearly understood, the move is NOT to be made, so that goes back to the crew. But the engineer should be familiar enough with the territory to know when a signal is missing, or not displaying (dark) or whatever. Thats what being qualified is all about.
On the RR, "believe nothing you hear and only half of what you see"
John, aka "JTGSHU" passed away on August 26, 2013. We honor his memory and his devotion to railroading at railroad.net.