Wiki on British head codes:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Train_reporting_number" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;
RailUK Forums:
http://www.railforums.co.uk/showthread.php?t=11993" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;
From WarwickshireRailways.com:
http://www.warwickshirerailways.com/misc/headcodes.htm" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;
From akamai.steamstatic.co, run a virtual GWR; it emits no smoke unless your computer catches on fire. It gives tips on the proper running of steamers, for example here is part of the information on blowers: "This is to be applied in a number of conditions, the most important of which is when you go through a tunnel. Failure to do so will result in a condition called 'Blowback', which in some circumstances has been fatal. This is due to pressure building up in the chimney of the locomotive, and blowing hot gas through the firebox into the crew compartment. This is BAD!"
And cylinder cocks: "Never NEVER move away from more than a short standing start without ensuring that these are open. When a locomotive sits static for any amount of time, water condensation builds up in the cylinders. Thus when the piston is in motion, and because water does not compress, there is a loud bang and your cylinder goes flying out through the front of the locomotive. Not only does this make you look bad (and unemployed) but it results in unnecessary damage to the machine."
And finally on braking "The board do not favour overshooting platforms and sidings. In short: do not brake late and hard. Brake early and wisely." NJ Transit did that nine days ago, putting a passenger train in the Hoboken Terminal waiting room. We have a new rule now, the conductor must be with the engineer coming into Hoboken and Atlantic City, (stub end terminals.)
1936 head code classes start on page 24:
http://cdn.akamai.steamstatic.com/steam ... 1462549394" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;
Years ago New York City subway and el trains had colored markers to identify their route and destination, see photo below. The PATH still does. I suppose that this was common the world over.
North American trains carried white flags or lights to identify them as extras; and green flags and lights to indicate that additional sections of a scheduled train were following. In the photo of the Western Pacific loco below the light above the number board is for this purpose, or to show a red indicating the end of the train. I couldn't find a photo oof a loco with flag brackets on it.