Xerxes,
Before putting these kind of projects on table and specifieing the range of modifications, following questions to be replied:
1.Do we have a potential customer? and what's its requirements?
Always customer specifies the conditions because he knows:
a) How many locomotives do he need?
b) How much power must locomotives have?
c) How long will be these locomotives used?
d) How much are the main expenditures?
e) Which are the most important RAMS parameters? and their targets? (RAMS parameters: Reliability, Availability, maintainiblity and safety )
This is the reason that in North America the "class A" railroads fleet average age is 8 to 15 years while in this region there are companies who are using vintage 50s locomotives with no to moderate modernizations efficiently!
2. What is potentially in our stock or scrap yard? and what we can do with them!
Scrap yards are the source of cheap make up and pedicure for these fat and old babes! be honest these kind of projects are only lucrative for those who have a source of parts in stock in reality or potentially.
But if you are a rail fan (as I can guess) these are my replies:
I want to know that if we want to repower this kind of locomotive (G16)
under these condition:
1-with no changes on structure
AFAIK the case is not the frame or chassis they can withstand half a million pound buff load according to AAR, so you don't need to strengthen the chassis and potentially there is no limitation in comparing with new 4000 hp ones as far as you are taking care to don't exceed axle load and don't change the balance of weight on frame.
2-with some changes on structure
You don't need to make any change on structure for obtaining more power.
how many horsepower can we increase on engine at maximum for two mentioned condition?
It depends on the engines and generators in market with light and high speed engines. I think up to 4000 hp is viable. but the most economic case will be overhauled 12- 645E3B (2475 hp) and AR6-CA5 alternator (it will cost roughly 150000 to 200000 bucks - if you have in your scrap yard, you can have a UTEX deal)
and on second condition with some changes on structure which part of structure must be repowered?
Already answered.