Pantograph and Current

Hello to everyone on board, I'm new to the site and also new to the industry..

I was wondering how is current taken from the pantograph to the locomotive?

by cable connected to that pantograph.

Thanks,

The entire pantograph is electrically conductive which is why it is insulated from the roof. There is a large cable which goes to the main transformer, some times through a vacuum breaker. The cable itself is double insulated and protected inside an outer shield ala a coaxial cable. It is housed inside grounded metal conduit so if the insulation fails the current goes to ground harmlessly. Equipment with two pans usually have isolation switches in case a pan were to be damaged. That way the defective pan can be dealt with and the train can still operate.